Hibernation is a voluntary state an animal enters to conserve energy, when food is scarce, and minimize exposure to the winter elements. During hibernation an animal lowers its body temperature, slows its breathing rate, heart rate, and metabolic rate-the rate its body uses energy.

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The herpes virus first enters the lysogenic cycle before traveling to the nervous system where it lies quietly in nerve fibers.

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Diapause is the physiological state of dormancy or developmental arrest where most life processes are shut down. It is most commonly observed in insects, especially in arthropods.

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Aestivation is a state of animal dormancy, similar to hibernation, although taking place in the summer rather than the winter. 

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The dauer state is a dormant state characterized by a number of distinctive metabolic and morphological changes. These changes are induced by the release of pheromones called daumones.

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